a) \(\sqrt{49.360}=\sqrt{7^2.6^2.10}=7.6\sqrt{10}=42\sqrt{10}\)

b)\(\sqrt{125a^2}=\sqrt{5^2.5.a^2}=5.\left|a\right|\sqrt{5}=-5a\sqrt{5}\) ( vì a<0)

c)\(-\sqrt{500.162}=-\sqrt{10^2.5.9^2.2}=-10.9\sqrt{5.2}=-90\sqrt{10}\)

d) \(\frac{1}{3}\sqrt{225a^2}=\frac{1}{3}\sqrt{15^2.a^2}=\frac{1}{3}.15.\left|a\right|=\frac{15a}{3}\) ( a>0)

a) Ta có: \(3\sqrt{2}+4\sqrt{8}-\sqrt{18}\)

\(=\sqrt{2}\left(3+4\cdot2-3\right)\)

\(=8\sqrt{2}\)

b) Ta có: \(\sqrt{3}-\frac{1}{3}\sqrt{27}+2\sqrt{507}\)

\(=\sqrt{3}\left(1-\frac{1}{3}\cdot\sqrt{9}+2\cdot\sqrt{169}\right)\)

\(=\sqrt{3}\left(1-1+26\right)\)

\(=26\sqrt{3}\)

c) Ta có: \(\sqrt{25a}+\sqrt{49a}-\sqrt{64a}\)

\(=\sqrt{25}\cdot\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{49}\cdot\sqrt{a}-\sqrt{64}\cdot\sqrt{a}\)

\(=\sqrt{a}\left(5+7-8\right)\)

\(=4\sqrt{a}\)

d) Ta có: \(-\sqrt{36b}-\frac{1}{3}\sqrt{54b}+\frac{1}{5}\sqrt{150b}\)

\(=-\sqrt{6b}\cdot\sqrt{6}-\frac{1}{3}\cdot\sqrt{6b}\cdot\sqrt{9}+\frac{1}{5}\cdot\sqrt{6b}\cdot\sqrt{25}\)

\(=-\sqrt{6b}\left(\sqrt{6}+1-1\right)\)

\(=-\sqrt{6b}\cdot\sqrt{6}=-6\sqrt{b}\)

a) \(\left(3+1\sqrt{6}-\sqrt{33}\right)\left(\sqrt{22}+\sqrt{6}+4\right)\)

\(=\sqrt{3}\left(\sqrt{3}+2\sqrt{2}-\sqrt{11}\right).\sqrt{2}\left(\sqrt{11}+\sqrt{3}+2\sqrt{2}\right)\)

\(=\sqrt{6}\left(\sqrt{3}+2\sqrt{2}-\sqrt{11}\right)\left(\sqrt{3}+2\sqrt{2}+\sqrt{11}\right)\)

\(=\sqrt{6}\left[\left(\sqrt{3}+2\sqrt{2}\right)^2-11\right]=\sqrt{6}\left(11+4\sqrt{6}-11\right)=\sqrt{6}.4\sqrt{6}=6.4=24\)

b) \(\left(\frac{1}{5-2\sqrt{6}}+\frac{2}{5+2\sqrt{6}}\right)\left(15+2\sqrt{6}\right)=\left(\frac{5+2\sqrt{6}+10-4\sqrt{6}}{5^2-\left(2\sqrt{6}\right)^2}\right)\left(15+2\sqrt{6}\right)\)

\(=\left(15-2\sqrt{6}\right)\left(15+2\sqrt{6}\right)=15^2-24=201\)

C) \(\left(\frac{4}{3}.\sqrt{3}+\sqrt{2}+\sqrt{3\frac{1}{3}}\right)\left(\sqrt{1,2}+\sqrt{2}-4\sqrt{\frac{1}{5}}\right)\)

\(=\left(\frac{4}{\sqrt{3}}+\frac{\sqrt{6}}{\sqrt{3}}+\frac{\sqrt{10}}{\sqrt{3}}\right)\left(\frac{\sqrt{6}}{\sqrt{5}}+\frac{\sqrt{10}}{\sqrt{5}}-\frac{4}{\sqrt{5}}\right)\)

\(=\frac{1}{\sqrt{15}}\left(\sqrt{6}+\sqrt{10}+4\right)\left(\sqrt{6}+\sqrt{10}-4\right)=\frac{1}{\sqrt{15}}\left[\left(\sqrt{6}+\sqrt{10}\right)^2-16\right]\)

\(=\frac{1}{\sqrt{15}}\left(16+4\sqrt{15}-16\right)=\frac{4\sqrt{15}}{\sqrt{15}}=4\)

d) \(\sqrt{\left(1-\sqrt{1989}\right)^2}.\sqrt{1990+2\sqrt{1989}}=\sqrt{\left(1-\sqrt{1989}\right)^2}.\sqrt{1989+2\sqrt{1989}+1}\)

\(=\sqrt{\left(1-\sqrt{1989}\right)^2}.\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{1989}+1\right)^2}=\left(\sqrt{1989}-1\right)\left(\sqrt{1989}+1\right)=1989-1=1988\)

e) \(\frac{a-\sqrt{ab}+b}{a\sqrt{a}+b\sqrt{b}}-\frac{1}{a-b}=\frac{a-\sqrt{ab}+b}{\left(\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}\right)\left(a-\sqrt{ab}+b\right)}-\frac{1}{a-b}=\frac{\sqrt{a}-\sqrt{b}}{\left(\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}\right)\left(\sqrt{a}-\sqrt{b}\right)}-\frac{1}{a-b}=\frac{\sqrt{a}-\sqrt{b}-1}{a-b}\)

a, \(=7\sqrt{2}-6\sqrt{2}+\frac{1}{2}.2\sqrt{2}=\sqrt{2}+\sqrt{2}=2\sqrt{2}\)

b, \(=4\sqrt{a}+4\sqrt{10a}-9\sqrt{10a}=4\sqrt{a}-5\sqrt{10a}\)

c, \(=6+\sqrt{15}-\sqrt{60}=6+\sqrt{15}-2\sqrt{15}=6-\sqrt{15}\)

Rút gọn

a) Ta có: \(\sqrt{98}-\sqrt{72}+\frac{1}{2}\sqrt{8}\)

\(=\sqrt{2}\left(\sqrt{49}-\sqrt{36}+\frac{1}{2}\sqrt{4}\right)\)

\(=\sqrt{2}\left(7-6+\frac{1}{2}\cdot2\right)\)

\(=\sqrt{2}\left(1+1\right)=2\sqrt{2}\)

b) Ta có: \(\sqrt{16a}+2\sqrt{40a}-3\sqrt{90a}\)

\(=\sqrt{a}\left(\sqrt{16}+2\sqrt{40}-3\sqrt{90}\right)\)

\(=\sqrt{a}\left(4+4\sqrt{10}-9\sqrt{10}\right)\)

\(=\sqrt{a}\left(4-5\sqrt{10}\right)\)

\(=4\sqrt{a}-5\sqrt{10a}\)

c) Ta có: \(\left(2\sqrt{3}+\sqrt{5}\right)\cdot\sqrt{3}-\sqrt{60}\)

\(=6+\sqrt{15}-\sqrt{60}\)

\(=6-\sqrt{15}\)

Bài 1:

\(A=\sqrt{5-2\sqrt{6}}+\sqrt{5+2\sqrt{6}}=\sqrt{2+3-2\sqrt{2.3}}+\sqrt{2+3+2\sqrt{2.3}}\)

\(=\sqrt{(\sqrt{2}-\sqrt{3})^2}+\sqrt{\sqrt{2}+\sqrt{3})^2}\)

\(=|\sqrt{2}-\sqrt{3}|+|\sqrt{2}+\sqrt{3}|=\sqrt{3}-\sqrt{2}+\sqrt{2}+\sqrt{3}=2\sqrt{3}\)

\(B=(\sqrt{10}+\sqrt{6})\sqrt{8-2\sqrt{15}}\)

\(=(\sqrt{10}+\sqrt{6}).\sqrt{3+5-2\sqrt{3.5}}\)

\(=(\sqrt{10}+\sqrt{6})\sqrt{(\sqrt{5}-\sqrt{3})^2}\)

\(=\sqrt{2}(\sqrt{5}+\sqrt{3})(\sqrt{5}-\sqrt{3})=\sqrt{2}(5-3)=2\sqrt{2}\)

\(C=\sqrt{4+\sqrt{7}}+\sqrt{4-\sqrt{7}}\)

\(C^2=8+2\sqrt{(4+\sqrt{7})(4-\sqrt{7})}=8+2\sqrt{4^2-7}=8+2.3=14\)

\(\Rightarrow C=\sqrt{14}\)

\(D=(3+\sqrt{5})(\sqrt{5}-1).\sqrt{2}\sqrt{3-\sqrt{5}}\)

\(=(3+\sqrt{5})(\sqrt{5}-1).\sqrt{6-2\sqrt{5}}\)

\(=(3+\sqrt{5})(\sqrt{5}-1).\sqrt{5+1-2\sqrt{5.1}}\)

\(=(3+\sqrt{5})(\sqrt{5}-1).\sqrt{(\sqrt{5}-1)^2}\)

\(=(3+\sqrt{5})(\sqrt{5}-1)^2=(3+\sqrt{5})(6-2\sqrt{5})=2(3+\sqrt{5})(3-\sqrt{5})=2(3^2-5)=8\)

Bài 2:

a) Bạn xem lại đề.

b) \(x-2\sqrt{xy}+y=(\sqrt{x})^2-2\sqrt{x}.\sqrt{y}+(\sqrt{y})^2=(\sqrt{x}-\sqrt{y})^2\)

c)

\(\sqrt{xy}+2\sqrt{x}-3\sqrt{y}-6=(\sqrt{x}.\sqrt{y}+2\sqrt{x})-(3\sqrt{y}+6)\)

\(=\sqrt{x}(\sqrt{y}+2)-3(\sqrt{y}+2)=(\sqrt{x}-3)(\sqrt{y}+2)\)

Bài 3:

a) ĐKXĐ:\(x>0; x\neq 1; x\neq 4\)

\(M=\frac{\sqrt{x}-(\sqrt{x}-1)}{(\sqrt{x}-1)\sqrt{x}}:\frac{(\sqrt{x}+1)(\sqrt{x}-1)-(\sqrt{x}+2)(\sqrt{x}-2)}{(\sqrt{x}-2)(\sqrt{x}-1)}\)

\(=\frac{1}{\sqrt{x}(\sqrt{x}-1)}:\frac{(x-1)-(x-4)}{(\sqrt{x}-2)(\sqrt{x}-1)}=\frac{1}{\sqrt{x}(\sqrt{x}-1)}:\frac{3}{(\sqrt{x}-2)(\sqrt{x}-1)}\)

\(\frac{1}{\sqrt{x}(\sqrt{x}-1)}.\frac{(\sqrt{x}-2)(\sqrt{x}-1)}{3}=\frac{\sqrt{x}-2}{3\sqrt{x}}\)

b)

Khi $x=2$ \(M=\frac{\sqrt{2}-2}{3\sqrt{2}}=\frac{1-\sqrt{2}}{3}\)

c)

Để \(M>0\leftrightarrow \frac{\sqrt{x}-2}{3\sqrt{x}}>0\leftrightarrow \sqrt{x}-2>0\leftrightarrow x>4\)

Kết hợp với ĐKXĐ suy ra $x>4$

Lời giải:

a)

\(\frac{4}{\sqrt{10}}(\sqrt{3+\sqrt{5}}+\sqrt{3-\sqrt{5}})=\frac{4}{\sqrt{20}}(\sqrt{6+2\sqrt{5}}+\sqrt{6-2\sqrt{5}})\)

\(=\frac{4}{2\sqrt{5}}(\sqrt{5+1+2\sqrt{5}}+\sqrt{5+1-2\sqrt{5}})=\frac{2}{\sqrt{5}}[\sqrt{(\sqrt{5}+1)^2}+\sqrt{(\sqrt{5}-1)^2}]\)

\(=\frac{2}{\sqrt{5}}(\sqrt{5}+1+\sqrt{5}-1)=\frac{2}{\sqrt{5}}.2\sqrt{5}=4\)

b)

\(=(4+\sqrt{15})(\sqrt{5}-\sqrt{3})\sqrt{8-2\sqrt{15}}=(4+\sqrt{15})(\sqrt{5}-\sqrt{3})\sqrt{3+5-2\sqrt{3.5}}\)

\(=(4+\sqrt{15})(\sqrt{5}-\sqrt{3})\sqrt{(\sqrt{5}-\sqrt{3})^2}\)

\(=(4+\sqrt{15})(\sqrt{5}-\sqrt{3})(\sqrt{5}-\sqrt{3})\)

\(=(4+\sqrt{15})(8-2\sqrt{15})=2(4+\sqrt{15})(4-\sqrt{15})=2(16-15)=2\)

c)

\(=\sqrt{4\sqrt{2}(\sqrt{3}+1)+8\sqrt{3}+18}=\sqrt{4\sqrt{2}(\sqrt{3}+1)+4(3+1+2\sqrt{3})+2}\)

\(=\sqrt{4\sqrt{2}(\sqrt{3}+1)+4(\sqrt{3}+1)^2+2}\)

\(=\sqrt{(2\sqrt{3}+2)^2+(\sqrt{2})^2+2.(2\sqrt{3}+2).\sqrt{2}}\)

\(=\sqrt{(2\sqrt{3}+2+\sqrt{2})^2}=2\sqrt{3}+2+\sqrt{2}\)

a)x-9=\(\left(\sqrt{x}-3\right)\left(\sqrt{x}+3\right)\)

a) \(\sqrt{4x^2+4x+1}=6\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{\left(2x+1\right)^2}=6\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(2x+1\right)^2=6^2\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}2x+1=6\\2x+1=-6\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{5}{2}\\x=-\dfrac{7}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\)

b) \(\sqrt{4x^2-4\sqrt{7}x+7}=\sqrt{7}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{\left(2x-\sqrt{7}\right)^2}=\sqrt{7}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(2x-\sqrt{7}\right)^2=\left(\sqrt{7}\right)^2\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}2x-\sqrt{7}=\sqrt{7}\\2x-\sqrt{7}=-\sqrt[]{7}\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=\sqrt{7}\\x=0\end{matrix}\right.\)

a) \(\sqrt{4x^2+4x+1}=6\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{\left(2x+1\right)^2}=6\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left|2x+1\right|=6\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}2x+1=6\\2x+1=-6\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{5}{2}\\x=-\dfrac{7}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\)

b) \(pt\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{\left(2x-\sqrt{7}\right)^2}=\sqrt{7}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left|2x-\sqrt{7}\right|=\sqrt{7}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}2x-\sqrt{7}=\sqrt{7}\\2x-\sqrt{7}=-\sqrt{7}\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=\sqrt{7}\\x=0\end{matrix}\right.\)

c) \(PT\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{\left(x+\sqrt{3}\right)^2}=2\sqrt{3}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left|x+\sqrt{3}\right|=2\sqrt{3}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x+\sqrt{3}=2\sqrt{3}\\x+\sqrt{3}=-2\sqrt{3}\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=\sqrt{3}\\x=-3\sqrt{3}\end{matrix}\right.\)

d) \(pt\Leftrightarrow\left|x-3\right|=9\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x-3=-9\\x-3=9\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=-6\\x=12\end{matrix}\right.\)

9: \(A=\dfrac{\sqrt{8+2\sqrt{15}}-\sqrt{14-6\sqrt{5}}}{\sqrt{2}}\)

\(=\dfrac{\sqrt{5}+\sqrt{3}-3+\sqrt{5}}{\sqrt{2}}=\dfrac{2\sqrt{10}+\sqrt{6}-3\sqrt{2}}{2}\)

10: \(A=\dfrac{\sqrt{4+2\sqrt{3}}+\sqrt{4-2\sqrt{3}}}{\sqrt{2}}\)

\(=\dfrac{\sqrt{3}+1+\sqrt{3}-1}{\sqrt{2}}=\dfrac{2\sqrt{3}}{\sqrt{2}}=\sqrt{6}\)

11: \(A=\dfrac{\sqrt{24-6\sqrt{7}}-\sqrt{24+6\sqrt{7}}}{\sqrt{2}}\)

\(=\dfrac{\sqrt{21}-\sqrt{3}-\sqrt{21}-\sqrt{3}}{\sqrt{2}}=-\dfrac{2\sqrt{3}}{\sqrt{2}}=-\sqrt{6}\)

12: \(B=\left(3+\sqrt{3}\right)\sqrt{12-6\sqrt{3}}\)

\(=\left(3+\sqrt{3}\right)\left(3-\sqrt{3}\right)\)

=9-3=6

13: \(A=\sqrt{5}-2-\left(3-\sqrt{5}\right)\)

\(=\sqrt{5}-2-3+\sqrt{5}=2\sqrt{5}-5\)